6.4. EUKARYOTIC CELLS

• They are complex.
• They are bigger than prokaryotic cells.
• Their genetic material is separated from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.
• They have many types of ORGANELLES that do different metabolic jobs.
• They form unicellular and multicellular organisms.
• They have eukaryotic ribosomes.
• They belong to Protoctist, Fungi, Plant and Animal Kingdom.

Some organelles of EUKARYOTIC cells

• MITOCHONDRIA ( ): do cellular respiration to produce energy; they need oxygen (O₂) and glucose (one type of glucid); all eukaryotic cells have mitochondria.
• CHLOROPLASTS ( ): do photosynthesis to make organic compounds (glucose); they need carbon dioxide (CO₂), water and sunlight; plants and algae (Protoctist) have chloroplasts to do photosynthesis.

Animal cells Irregular shape Centrosomes	Plant cells Regular shape Nucleus on one side Cell wall Chloroplast Large vacuole